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EARLY    MAPS    OF    AMEiUCA: 


AND  A  NOTE  ON 


ROBERT    DUDLEY 


^RC^lSrO      DEL      M^RE. 


ISitaXi  before  tlje  amttican  anttquavian  Socirtg,  ©ctobtr  21,  1873, 


By  EDWARD  E.  HALE. 


WOKCESTKR,  MASS.: 
PRINTED     BY     CHARLES     IIAMILTOV. 

1874. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2008  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/earlymapsofameriOOhale 


EARLY    MAPS    OF    AMERICA; 


AND  A  NOTE  ON 


ROBERT    DUDLEY 


^RO^NO      DEL       Mi!LRE 


IScatj  before  ti)e  3m£tican  Sntiquarfan  Socittg,  ©ctobcr  21,  1S73, 


By  EDWARD  E.  HALE. 


"WORCESTER,  MASS.: 

PRINTED     BY     CHAKLES     HAMILTON. 
1874. 


EARLY  MAPS  IN  MUNICH. 


BY  EDWARD  E.  HALE. 


[The  following  Memoranda  were  made  in  Munich,  June  22,  1873,  — 
after  an  agreeable  morning  in  the  Royal  Library.  They  are  not  of  great 
importance,  —  and  probably  not  of  interest  even  to  geographers,  ex- 
cepting so  far  as  the  references  to  the  MS.  maps  of  Robert  Dudley  may 
prove  to  be  so.  But  I  present  them  all  to  the  Society,  because  they 
may  at  least  save  some  trouble  to  other  explorers.  e.  e.  h.] 


>■ 


oe   The   earliest  map  which  they  showed  me  bears  their  num- 
oa    ber,  133.     It  is  easily  read,  on  a  roller,  —  not  in  very  good 

preservation.     No  name,  no  date. 
^         At  Brazil  (South  America)  is  this  inscription,  —  without 
10    the  name  "Brazil,"  —  "Istae  terrse  quae  inventa  sunt  posi- 
o     tnni  est  nomen  Sanct»  Crucis  inventa  est,  et  in  ea  est  max- 
ima copia  ligni  breselii  etiam  inventa  cassia  grossa  ut  braclii- 
um  hominis.      Aves   Papagagi   magni   nt  falcones  et  smit 
rubri  homines,  vero  ubi  nullam  legem  tenentes  se  invicem 


o 
o 

o 

g     comedunt." 


ui  [The  badness  of  the  Latin  is  not  to  be  charged  to  the  copyist. 

5  E.  E.  H.] 


At  the  West  Indies.  "Omnes  ist?e  insula  ac  terrre  iu- 
ventae  fuernnt  ab  uno  Genuensi  Nomine  Columbo,  et  in 
ista  insula  —  sunt  aniinalia  aliena^  naturae  —  serpentes  itein. 
Inveniunt  aurum  in  multis  locis  onmes  istfe  insnla>  nojniii- 
antur  Antillia," 


448001 


Next  to  Africa.  ''Omiit-s  daiDiiati  ad  iiiortcni  dc  gratia 
esju'ciali  olitiiiciit  a  \\i"^v  Portugalia'  (iiuul  toto  tempore 
vitiie  sine  i>o.ssiiit  in  liac  iiisulii  lud)itcire  iiiona.  Kiliil  inveii- 
itiir  nisi  radices  lic-rha  et  *  *  *  cnstodiain  dictus.  Rex 
ihidein  (•astniiu  cunstruxit." 

The  Pnruflisiis  Teri'estris  is  in  Africa  on  tliis  map. 

Norlh  of  the  Az«»ri's  and  west  of  Scotland  appears  a  long 
islaml,  uiai-kcd  Tcrradaiiens.  The  principal  lu'adlands  are 
Caj)u  St.  I'aolo,  Capo  Sto.  Spirito. 

13-1.  Poorly  done  on  pai)er.  12  ma|)S  of  Asia,  six  of 
Eunjpe. 

185  is  old  vellum  in  color  and  gold, — '' niunasterium  Bene- 
dict! )iMun  in  Mctten  me  possidet." 

"MSS.  mixt.  19  a."  is  marked  inside,  but  the  outside  as 
above.     ''135  Icon.  Geog."     This  is  the  Mimich  number. 

No.  1.  Tlic  America  has  Coba,  Jamaica,  Isabella,  San 
Juan  Porto  Rico,  —  but  7iot  Florida. 

The  S])anish  nuiin  is  marked,  "Tota  terra  inventa  per 
Christof.  Colond)o  Januensis  de  Re  dc  Spanier." 

Jii'uzil  (South  America)  is  marked  "Tota  terra  vocata 
Santa'  (Jrucis  (U"  Re  de  portugale." 

On  No.  III.  is  the  West  of  Europe.  Just  west  of  Val- 
encia, about  the  wi(hh  of  Ireland  from  it — oi'  rather  more  — 
is  a  r(Min(l  island,  witii  a  cnjoked  strait  dividing  it,  marked 
in  red,  "  Ja  de  1)resile." 

Nearly  half  way  to  Terceira  from  this  is  "Isola  de  Mayda." 

West  of  the  imrlh  pai-t  of  Scotland,  nortliwest  of  Bixizile 
is  Fixlada,  lialf  as  large  as  li-ehiiid. 

On  No.  1  tlie  nanu;  Brazil  d(jeB  not  appear,  at  the  South 
American  15ra/il.  There  are  six  vellum  charts  in  all ;  taking 
in  the  whole  world.     No  scale  nor  latitudes. 


5 

136.  Exquisite  vellum.  Its  No.  4  begins  at  the  north  with 
"Terra  de  S.  Cob:  lo  Steven  Comes,"  meaning  Sebastian 
Cabot.  It  has  Cape  Cod  as  "C.  de  St.  Maria,  baia  de  S. 
Antonio."  It  has  Bermuda,  but  wholly  leaves  out  Brazil, 
in  S.  America.  Mexico  is  down  as  TIMITISAN.  The 
Spanish  main  is  quite  accurately  drawn  to  "P.  Baya"  and 
"  azecises."  Then  it  breaks  oif,  and  begins  near  Straits  of 
Magelhm,  at  southern  end,  with  bay  of  Anegada  [written 
bay],  then  "  tera  baya."  All  South  America  is  marked 
PERY. 

But  this  seems  to  have  l)een  merely  a  wish  to  draw  S2Jan- 
ish  America, — for  No.  5  has,  on  the  same  scale.  Terra  de 
Brazil  and  the  whole  coast.  On  both  4  and  5  Cape  Cod  is 
C.  de  S.  Maria,  and  both  have  "terra  one  de  Scob  :  lo 
Steven  Comes,"  or  perhaps  "Scobito  Steven  Comes." 

Island  of  Brazil  as  in  135. 

No.  137.  A  beautifully  illustrated  atlas.  Spanish,  on 
vellum.     Date  1580.     Not  lara:e. 

I.  Gives  Sts.  of  Magelhaens  from  34  South  on  the  East 
Coast  round  to  the  same  on  the  West  Coast. 

II.  Is  the  rest  of  South  America. 

III.  Is  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  North  to  Cape  Breton: — 
which  is  spelled  CABO  BRETAO.     It  is  drawn  square. 

IV.  Is  Lavrador. 

The  other  maps  are  Europe  and  Asia,  and  careful  astron- 
omical tables  follow. 

[I  made  a  rough  tracing  of  the  United  States  Coast  from  Cape  Breton 
to  Florida.  It  is  nearly  equally  divided  by  the  Ro  de  Montanhos, — which 
corresponds  with  the  b.  fernosa  [formosa]  of  the  so-called  S.  Cabot 
map  of  15i4,  and  by  a  cape  without  a  name,  —  which  is  the  Trafal  or 
Trafalgar  of  the  early  maps,  and  which  Mr.  Kohl  supposes  to  be 
Hatteras.] 


Thr  (.Illy  iKiiii's  T  thoiiii'lit  of  iiny  possible  value  are  these, 
bo^inuiii^  at  Cape  J>i"et<)ii. 

[In  (WHO  IJRETAO.] 

C.  (le  HiHlaiio,  Costalha. 

I.  tk'  S.  S.  .Joao.  ell  Caniaveral. 

rt'arliloiies.  Ito.  clt-  Moiitaiihos. 

Ko.  m-aiuli'.  Toll  fas.     (And,  on  the  sea  here,) 

K.  dolla  vuL'lta.  baisos  costa  de  mediauos. 

C.  aqucnisiado. 

[South  and  west  of  "Ro.  de  Moutaulios."] 

C.  della  Madsagente.  R.  de  buenamadie. 

C.  de  Sa.  Maria.  C  de  Santaa. 

aiTapcllaifo.  baia  de  Sa  cristoval. 

C.  dello-sauslfer.  Ho.  de  Santiajio. 

Ro.  de  halk-ros.  C.  de  lari^aienas. 

C.  de  S.  J.  Batiste.  o.  de  sai  joan. 

[Ar  this  [»i»iiir  is  the  rough  cape  (Trafalgar,  as  above)  with- 
out any  name  here.] 

C.  de  Sact.  Spirito.  de  teste. 

C.  dt'll  principe.  Ro.  de  Canoas. 

Rio  ik'll  principe.  C  de  S.  Roinao. 

Po  baxo.  K.  Jordan. 

Costa  de  Mattas.  C.  de  St.  Helena. 

Witli  this  familiar  name  begins  their  Florida  aud  Gulf  of 
Mexico.  The  coast  of  the  United  States  is  hopelessly  wrong. 
Nothing  can  be  identified,  excepting  Cape  Breton,  Florida, 
and  possibly  Ilatteras.  Yet  it  niust  be  noticed  that  the  date 
is  1580. 

138    is    four    heavy    volumes     folio,    of   charts  —  roughly 

drawn,  but    evidently  for   use  —  on  coarse,   strong   drawing 

].apcr. 

[An  in(piiry  made  to  the  conrteons  librarian,  Dr.  Halm,  revealed  the 
Interest! n;;  fact  that  these  were  the  original  maps  drawn  bj^  Robcrrt  Dud- 
ley, (son  of  the  Earl  ot"  Leicester),  who  took  in  Italy  the  title  of  Duke 
of  Northumberland.  At  the  end  of  this  paper,  I  give  a  few  notes 
regarding  him.] 

XiA.  I.  is  Asia  and  Europe,  and  I  did  not  look  at  it. 

\'«)1.  II.  is  Africa  and  America.     Africa  takes  the  39  first 

charts,  :ui(l  I  did  not  look  at  it.     At  40,  America  begins  with 


a  map  wliich  has  this  endorsement :  Questa  mezzo  carte  e 
cancellata  perclie  e  meglio  fatta  cli  nuove.  It  is  quite 
recent,  prohably  about  1620.  Has  some  Dutch  names  and 
some  Enghsh.  I  think  the  whole  is  drawn  from  Hendrick 
Hudson's  charts.  No.  -iO  runs  from  E.  long.  316  to  E.  long. 
366,  and  38  K.  to  47  N.,  the  scale  being  as  these  marks 
show  — 

^®  sTg  3T7  ais 

The  Islands  along  the  coast  east  of  Long  Island  are  Blocx, 
at  [long  E.  317]  Sloty,  Nassau,  Texel  and  Ylielant,  the  last 
two  as  one,  which  are  Martha's  Vineyard  —  C.  Malabar  is  so 
named.  C.  Cod  is  la  Pnnta.  The  Mass.  Bay  names  are  "  C. 
d'  Grave,  Henri  Pto.  di  Yos.  Gelos  C.  del  porto,  Costa  de 
Staten,  Staten  Bay,"  this  at  Plymouth,  and,  more  inland 
from  Plymouth,  "Amouchi  eisi." 

Maine  is  "Norumbega,  La  Nuova  Francia,  Prov.  di  Quin- 
beguy." 

"Nuova  Anglia"  is  down  twice. 

[This  corresponds  with  No.  2  of  the  Arcano,  but  the  longitudes  are  a 
little  wider,  and  many  names  have  been  added.]  The  engraved  map  may 
be  thus  described  : — 

No.  2  in  the  Arcano,  begins  a  little  West  of  315  and  runs  to  E.  longitude  326. 
It  begins  at  37  N.,  but  there  is  none  of  the  coast  until  you  come  to  38  N.  The 
coast  line  runs  to  45  north,  but  the  engraving  with  the  title  America,  Nova 
Angloa  goes  above  47  North.  The  longitudes  are  a  little  narrower  than  the 
manuscrijjt,  the  latitudes  are  just  the  same.  The  Islands  along  the  coast  East 
of  Long  Island  are  Id.  Adraiu  Blocks.  Island  d.  Nassau,  Texel,  and  Vliea- 
lance,  which  are  both  on  one  island.  I:  Cabeliano  and  South  of  Texel.  I:  di 
Hendricli.  Cape  Malabare  is  so  named.  Cape  Cod  is  Cape  Cod,  the  jNIassa- 
chusetts  bay  names  are  Cape  Anna,  Henry's  Bay,  Boston.  Pto.  Vos.  et  Massa- 
chusette  Accomak,  Graue  Bay,  New  Plimouth,  C:  di  Plimouth:  Golfo,  B. 
Koock,  Fuie  Bay.    [These  changes  indicate  a  later  revision  of  the  MS.] 

Map  41  is  Nova  Scotia  and  New  Foundland,  —  fpiite  accu- 
rate, and  of  the  same  scale  with  the  other.  The  banks  are 
dotted.  It  includes  the  southern  part  of  Labrador,  autl 
there  is  the  date  1587.     But  the  map  as  above  is  later. 


8 

Oil  the  I»;ick  (»f  this  is  a  small  draft  of  New  York  Baj, 
of  wliich  I  have  a  suHicieiitly  accurate  tracing.  Note 
Hell-Gate,  Sandy  Bay,  Narnticony,  Pte  de  Eyer,  and  that 
no  Dutch  settlement  is  down.  Also,  Note,  C.  Ilenlopen. 
Long.  315°  E.  is  63°  W.  (about  ten  short.) 

This  drawing  is  ])r()l)ably  the  earliest  drawing  existing  of 
New  York  liai-1»or,  made  in  such  detail. 

The  lines  of  coast  and  islands  are  substantially  the  same  as 
those  in  the  Dutch  map,  of  which  there  is  a  fac-simile  in 
O'Callaghan's  New  Netherlands.  The  scale  is  twice  as 
large,  and  many  more  names  appear. 

Beginning  at  the  North  the  names  are  Mahicani,  Maquani. 

This  I  suppose  to  be   "  The  first  of  the  Mohicans," 

P.  di  Rachtcrkol,  (?  Hoboken.) 

*K.  Man-iiitto,  (the  North  liiver.) 

*l.  (hi  IIclle{,'atte.  ( 

♦Ik'Uegalte,  (Ilell-gate). 

*B.  di  Keer  (on  L.  I.  Sotmd- Northern  side.) 

Rachtorkolil. 

B.  di  Rachterkol  (the  bay  at  Bergen). 

C.  Codius  (at  the  West  end  of  L.  Island.) 
*Saiule-Bay  or  B.  d'  Aiena  (Sandy  Hook  Bay.) 
*Sand-poyut,  (Sandy  Hook). 
*Rondebergh  hook,  (Sandy  Hook.) 
Narnticonj',  ( S.-ioest  of  Sandy  Hook  Bay.) 

R  :  di  Sandy  :  Bay,  (The  Inlet  South  of  Sandy  Hook  Bay.) 
Pt.  de  Eyer. 
C.  Ilenlopen. 

C.  II('nlo])en  is  but  one  degree  South  of  the  Point  of 
Samly  Hook,  while  the  Northern  point  of  New  York 
islan<l  is  nearly  three  ([uarters  of  a  degree  north  of  it. 

[I  liave  noted  w  ith  a  star  tlie  names  on  the  map  in  O'Cal- 
laghanV  New  Netlierlands.J 

The  next  map  is  the  mouth  of  Hudson's  Bay  ;  large  and 
in  great  detail. 


9 

"Bocca  del  gi-an  Golfo  de  H.  Hudson  Inglese.  Scoperto 
nel  1613,  il  2d°  viagio."  It  notes  var.  28,  9  manstr.  (ans- 
trale.) ;  goes  up  to  62  N.  from  52  N.  on  the  scale  of  two 
inches  for  one  degree  of  latitude. 

The  next  takes  this  up  with  Davis's  Straits  and  just  a 
point  of  Greenland. 

It  has  variations  19,  20  marked  on  it. 

The  next  gives  the  whole  of  Hudson's  Bay  ou  the  same 
large  scale. 

Map  45  goes  north  to  lat.  63,  and  at  the  north-west  notes, 
"  mare  operto  et  dove  si  sperava  de  pasagio  alia  Cina  et  all 
India."     The  upper  corner  is  lat.  63,  long.  297  E. 

The  next  is  the  Weste?''n  coast  of  America,  same  scales, 
drawn  up  to  53°  N.  and  then  dotted  lines  to  N.  E. 

"La  costa  dell  America  Settentrionale  incognita." 

This  begins  at  long.  229  E. 

The  next  is  G.  of  Mexico  with  Florida. 

The  next  is  East  Florida  to  C.  S.  Homain. 

Questa  costa  della  florida  fu  scoperto  da  Frances!  nel 
1564. 

The  next,  smaller  scale,  from  Amazon  up  to  Labrador  has 
"  La  Yirginia  habitata  d'  Inglese  al  presente." 

The  next  gives  West  of  Roanoac.  "Virginia  I'Inghilterra 
gia  abondanata." 

The  spelling  Roanoac  and  the  draught  show  that  Dudley 
had  seen  DeBry. 

But  in  New  England  he  has  "La  Yerginia  habitata 
d'  Inglese."  And  at  Cape  Cod,  very  badly  drawn  "C.  della 
habitatione  Inglese." 

The  next  has  Norumbega  and  0.  Raso. 

The  next  (46)  from  Florida  to  New  England. 


10 

"La  VtTginiii  Vccclii.-i.    Windaiidccosia" — for  K.  Carolina. 

"La  Vergiiiia  Nuova,  possedutu  d'  Inglesc,"  at  Chesipioc, 
ami  ••  La  Niiova  Iiigliilterra  possidiita  d'  Iiigle.se." 

47  is  Cuba.  What  follows,  still  on  the  same  large  scale, 
are  South  America,  and  the  ocean  even  where  there  is  no 
himl.  1  uK'an  that  there  are  whole  sheets  covered  with  lati- 
tudes and  l()iigitu(h's  only. 

Then  the  maps  take  up  tlie  west  coast, — and  give  Cali- 
fornia Lending  far  to  the  west.  But  in  freqnent  notes  in 
Italian,  tlie  author  prides  himself  on  not  going  so  far  as  the 
geographers. 

C.  (U  St.  Trinitii  is  at  208  East,  at  25°  30'  N. 

B.  di  St.  Trinita  at  sumo  longitude  at  26"^  N.  This  map 
then  sweeps  to  the  west,  giving  C.  di  Hondio  at  the  extreme 
north  west,  in  long.  255  E.,  lat.  30  Nortli,  and  the  next  on 
a  very  large  scale. 

It  gives  the  Island  of  Jeddo  coming  east  of  215°  E.  long., 
the  Straits  of  Jeddo  (Le  Strette  di  Jeso)  just  live  degrees  of 
longitude  wide — say  225  miles  in  that  latitude,  and  then 
hegins  America.  "II  Regno  di  Quivira,"  of  which  the  coast 
line  runs  southeast  230°  East.  In  Eng\h\i pencil  is  written 
here,  undoubtedly  by  Dudley  liimself,  "The  lande  of  Jesse 
uuglit  to  217  (U'gr.  45  hit." 

Jfaj)  S3  unites  the  two  last. 

At  45°  N.  218  E.  there  is  this  allusion  to  the  cold 
observed  1)}'  Drake : 

"Quivira  fu  s(',o])ert()  dal  Drago  Inglese  nel  1582  fu 
tanto  freddo  )ul  niese  d'  Guignio  clie  no  poteva  conportar 
lo  ]»oi  aiidava  a  gr.  38^  et  laure  fu  tempestabile  et  la  nomi- 
nava  Nova  iVll)ion  ma   il   fredo   insop[ioi-tal)ih.'   (hire.      Sin  a 


11 

43  Giadi."  [Drop  the  period  at  dure  and  this  is  intelligible.] 
Under  this  is  "Terra  Freddo*  che  era  detto  Porto." 

On  S-i,  which  is  a  line  of  the  American  Pacilic  Coast,  is 
tills  note:  "Li  Spanioli  nol  ritonare  delle  Filippini  alia 
nuova  Spagna  seguitano  qnesta  costa  per  beneficio  delli  venti 
marestrali  in  la  favoni,  et  conmna  m^'^  no  t  oceano  in  alrni 
luoghi  si  no  al  Capo  Mendocino." 

The  next  sajs: 

"Non  marivghiale"  [do  not  marvel]  "che  questa  mia  carte 
fa  la  distantia  di  longitiidine  fra  il  capo  di  Mendocino  et  il 
capo  Callifornia  molto  pio  corto  delli  Carte  volgari  che  sono 
falsissimi  in  questa  distante  per  centinaria  di  leaghi." 

This  map  gives  R.  di  Todos  Sanctos  at  42^  N.  Lat. ;  Cape 
Mendocino  at  40;  B.  of  N.  Albion  at  237  E.  Long,  and  38  N. 
with  the  note  "N.  Porto  bonissimo." 

[Our  California  friends  must  permit  me  to  say  that  Porto  bonissimo 
is  a  very  strong  phrase  for  the  open  road-stead  of  "  SirPrancis  Drake's 
Bay"  as  it  is  now  understood.] 

The  back  of  86,  a  large  sheet,  is  covered  with  a  note 
which  includes  a  long  copy  from  a  Jesuit  letter  writer  in 
Jeddo,  in  the  year  1621  ;  letter  217  by  Padre  Grirolano  de 
Angelis,  as  to  a  Japanese  statement  made  to  him;  viz  : 

That  from  Matzuma  in  Japan  towards  the  east,  was  90 
days  sail,  at  18  to  20  miles  per  day,  and  tliat  from  the  same 
place  to  the  west,  which  they  call  Nixir,  is  60  days  sail. 

[I  print  the  notes  above  substantially  as  I  made  them  in  Munich. 
Unfortunately  for  me  when  I  visited  the  Library  the  next  day  to  make 
further  study  of  these  original  maps  of  Dudley's,  I  found  that  in  honor 
of  St.  Johns  day,  it  was  closed.     I  had  to  golace  myself  as  I  could,  by 


*"  Quivira  was  discovered  by  Drake,  the  Englishman,  in  1582;  it  was  so  cold 
in  the  month  of  June  that  he  could  not  bear  it.  Then  he  went  to  38^  degrees, 
and  the  weather  was  temperate  and  he  called  it  Nova  Albion.  But  the  insup- 
portable cold  continued  to  43  degrees,"  (that  is  to  one  coming  south).  In  the 
printed  editions  the  date  1582  is  corrected  to  1579. 


\2 

rcMiicriihcriiii:  that  on  that  day  Cabot  discovered  North  America.  la 
Loiidoii  afli-rwanls  Mr.  .Major  rendered  me  every  assistance  in  the  British 
Museum,  wliere  they  have  a  flue  copy  of  tiie  Engraved  Arcano  del  Mare, 
and  tiiere  and  at  our  Cambridge,  I  have  studied  the  engraved  maps, 
which,  so  far  as  the  identittcation  of  the  Californian  localities  goes,  seem  to 
me  to  deserve  more  interest  than  tliey  have  received.  It  is  evident  that 
Dudley  thought  he  had  lirst  rate  authority.  It  is  known  that  he  was 
Cavendisli's  brother-in-law,  and  it  seems  impossible  that  he  should  not 
have  had  Cavendisli's  charts.  Cavendish's  first  voyage  in  the  South  Sea 
was  in  lo87.     His  second,  in  which  he  died,  was  in  15;)2-3. 

Tlie  engraved  Arcano  omits  many  of  tlie  maps  in  tiie  MS.  The  most 
important  of  the  large  maps  of  Hudson's  Bay  are  omitted.  I  believe 
them  to  have  been  drawn  from  Hudson's  own,  because  there  was  no 
other  authority  possible.  It  seems  to  me  that  tliey  have  very  high 
authority.  The  date  of  that  series  is  evidently  after  1G20,  and  before 
1G30. 

I  will  mention  here,  that  the  map  printed  in  fac-simile  in  O'Callaghan," 
from  an  old  map  in  Albany,  is  the  southwestern  quarter  of  No.  2,  of  the 
"  Arcano." 


NOTE   ON    ROBERT   DUDLEY, 

DUKE  OF  NORTHUMBERLAND, 

AND   HIS   ARCANO   DEL  MARE. 


■Robert  Dudley,  who  took  in  Italy  the  title  of  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land, was  the  son  of  the  celebrated  Robert  Dudley,  Earl  of  Leicester, 
by  Lady  Douglas  Howard,  the  widow  of  Lord  Sheffield.  He  was  born 
at  Sheen  in  Surrey,  in  1573. 

Lady  Douglas  Shetfield  and  her  son  always  claimed,  and  apparently 
Avith  good  grounds,  that  Leicester  was  secretly  married  to  her.  If  he 
were,  this  Robert  Dudley  should  have  inherited  Leicester's  titles. 

But  in  157G,  immediately  after  the  Countess  of  Essex  became  a  widow, 
Leicester  privately  married  her.  He  abandoned  and  disowned  Lady 
Sheffield ;  and  her  son,  Robert  Dudley,  was  declared  to  be  only  his  nat- 
ural issue.  Leicester  never  abandoned  him  however,  but,  under  his 
direction  he  was  educated  by  Sir  Edward  Horsey,  Governor  of  the  Isle 
of  Wight,  and  when  he  came  to  the  proper  age,  he  was  sent  to  Christ 
College,  Oxford. 

At  Leicester's  death,  in  1588,  he  left  to  this  Robert  Dudley,  Kenilworth 
and  the  lordships  of  Denbigh  and  Chick,  and  the  bulk  of  his  estate. 

The  young  man's  genius  was  adventurous,  and  he  shared  the  enthu- 
siasm of  his  time  for  maritime  exploits.  He  married  a  sister  of  the 
navigator,  Thomas  Cavendish,  and  in  1592  took  out  letters  of  adminis- 
tration on  Cavendish's  estate.  There  seems  to  be  some  question  whether 
Cavendish  were  then  dead,  but  he  had  been  long  absent  from  England. 

This  circumstance  seems  to  me  to  give  special  interest  to  Dudley's 
notes  on  the  Pacific  Ocean,  and  his  maps  of  the  California  Coast,  of 
which  he  always  speaks  as  if  lie  had  authorities  at  first  hand.  Caven- 
dish had  entered  the  Pacific  Ocean,  Jan.  6,  1587,  had  passed  along  the 
coast  to  Acapulco  and  California,  and  reached  England  by  way  of  Cape 
of  Good  Hope,  Sept.  9,  1588. 

This  was  just  the  time  of  Leicester's  death,  and  the  young  Sir  Robert 
Dudley  hoped  to  make  an  expedition  to  the  South  Seas.  Queen  Eliza- 
beth prevented  him,  and  disappointed  in  this  hope  he  fitted  out  an  ex- 
pedition at  his  own  charge  in  1594,  and  sailed  for  Trinidad  and  Guiana, 

3 


l> 


448001 


/ 


14 

of  which  oxp.cdition  he  wrote  a  modest  narrative,  whicli  is  in  Tlacklujt, 
I>.  r>14,  Vol.  III.  He  was  in  the  river  Oronoco  jnst  before  KalciKh. 
After  tlie  death  of  liis  llrst  wife,  al)OUt  tlie  end  of  Elizal)etirs  reign,  he 
married  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Leigli. 

In  100.")  he  l)e?5an  a  suit  to  prove  the  lei^itimacy  of  his  l)irth,  but  tlie 
suspicion  with  which  he  was  regarded  by  the  government,  and  the 
steady  opposition  of  the  Countess  of  Essex,  his  father's  willow,  if  his 
birth  were  illegitimate,  stood  in  his  way.  At  the  same  time  he  abandoned 
liis  own  wife,  seduced  the  daughter  of  Sir  Kobert  Southwell,  and  went 
with  her  to  Florence,  in  Italy,  where  he  took  the  title  of  Earl  of  War- 
wick. On  going  abroad  he  took  a  license  to  travel  "with  three  ser- 
vants, four  geldings  and  eighty  pounds  in  money."  Travelling  on  the 
continent  would  seem  to  have  been  cheaper  than  it  is  now.  It  is  said 
that  Elizabeth  Southwell  went  disguised  as  one  of  the  servants.  In 
IfiOT  .James  I.  recalled  him,  but  he  refused  to  obey  the  call,  and  his 
estate  during  his  life  was  seized  by  the  crown.  Kenilworth  was  bought 
l)y  agieement  with  him.  for  the  young  Prince  Henry,  for  £14, .500,  of 
which  only  £;}.0U0  were  ever  paid  to  him. 

He  died  in  HVM. 

He  was  a  lavorite  with  Cosmo  II.,  Grand  Duke  of  Tuscany,  and  was 
of  great  service  to  that  country. 

The  creation  of  the  present  city  of  Leghorn,  as  a  large  and  Ijeautiful 
commercial  mart,  is  due  to  his  engineering  skill  and  enterprise  in 
draining  a  vast  morass  between  Pisa  and  the  sea. 

He  iniproved  the  harbor  of  Leghorn,  induced  the  Duke  to  proclaim 
it  a  free  port,  and  persuaded  many  English  merchants  to  settle  there. 

The  Duke  of  Tuscany  made  him  a  Duke  of  the  Holy  Koniau  Empire. 
He  became  chamberlain  to  the  Grand  Duchess,  and  lie  then  assumed 
his  grandfather's  title  of  the  Duke  of  Northumberland. 

It  is  by  this  title  that  he  is  known  in  the  Italian  histories,  and  this 
is  the  title  given  to  him  in  his  manuscri!)t  atlas  in  the  library  of  Munich, 
which  these  notes  describe. 

He  was  always  a  patron  of  science  and  literature.  His  most  import- 
ant work  is  the  "  Arcano  del  Mare,"  in  which  are  engraved  a  part  of  the 
maps  in  the  Munich  MSS.  collection.  The  title  of  the  first  edition  is 
"  Del  Arcano  del  Mare  di  Roberto  Dudleo,  Duca  di  Nortumbria  e  Conte 
di  Warwick,  liliri  \'I.,  Firenze,  1(130,  4(i,  47."  It  is  in  royal  folio,  3  vols., 
beautifully  executed.  This  (Irst  edition  is  now  very  rare;  a  copy  of  it, 
mentioned  hy  Lowndes,  sold  for  £30  l)s.  I  found  two  sets  in  the  British 
Museum.  There  is  one  of  the  same  in  ])erfect  order  in  the  library 
of  Harvard   College. 

A  part  of  the  Arcano  del  Mare  is  in  the  Public  Library  of  the  city  of 
Worcester. 

Gorton's  cstiiuate  of  Dudley  is  in  these  words:  "  Like  others  of  his 
lamily  he  was  an  active,  clever,  well-informed,  but  uni)rincipled   man." 

I  cannot  lind  that  Hallain  notices  him  at  all.     I  cannot  but  think  that 


15 

the  maps  and  dissertations  in  the  Arcaiio  del  Mare,  are  of. much  more 
importance  tlian  one  would  infer  from  Gorton's  remarks.  If,  as  I  be- 
lieve, he  used  the  orii!;inal  charts  of  Henry  Hudson,  the  manuscript  at 
Munich  gives  us  by  far  the  most  accurate  account  we  have  of  the  north- 
ern voyages  of  that  discoverer.  I  have  already  said  that  there  is  reason 
to  suspect  that  the  maps  of  the  Pacific  Coast  were  drawn  from  the  orig- 
inal observations  of  Cavendish. 

I  have  read. but  little  of  the  text  of  the  Arcano,  but  I  ought  to  say 
that  what  I  have  read  seems  to  me  much  more  judicious,  and  to  shov^ 
much  more  real  scientilic  knowledge  than  the  average  of  such  specula- 
tions in  those  days. 

The  Atlas  in  the  .Ircano  contains  thirty-three  maps  of  America.  My 
notes  on  the  Munich  Atlas  show  that  that  contains  forty-six  maps  in 
manuscript.  After  the  engraved  map.  No.  33,  the  reference  to  Drake 
and  the  coldness  of  Oregon  is  in  the  following  words  : 

"Questa  Carta  e  1'  ultima  del  sesto  Libro,  la  quale  comincia  co'l  porto 
di  Nuova  Albion  di  longitudine  gr.  237  e  latitudine  gr.  38  scoperto  dal 
Drago  Inalese  nel  1579  in  circa,  come  di  sopra,  luogo  comodo  per  far 
acqua,  e  pigliare  altri  rinfrescameuti.  II  detto  Drago  trovo,  che  li  genti 
salnatichi  del  paese  erano  molto  cortesi,  e  amorevoli,  e.  la  terra  assai 
beu  fruttifera,  e  I'aria  temperata.  Vidde  di  conigli  in  quautita  grande, 
ma  con  code  lunghe  come  i  topi,  e  di  molti  cavalli  saluatichi,  con  mag- 
gior  maraviglia,  atteso  che  gli  Spagnuoli  non  viddero  mai  cavalli  nell' 
America;  e  la  ragione  perche  il  Drago  cerco,  e  trovo  detto  porto,  fu 
questa,  che  essendo  passato  il  capo  Meudoziuo  vero  di  latitudine  gr.  42 
e  mezzo  per  far  acqua,  fin  a  gr.  43  e  mez.  di  latitudine  Tramontana  egli 
trovo  la  costa  con  tanto  freddo  nel  mese  di  Giuguio  che  le  sue  genti 
nou  erano  abili  a  comportarlo,  del  che  si  maraviglio  assai,  essendo  il 
clima  quasi  pari  a  quelli  di  Toscana,  e  di  Koma  in  Italia." 

I  annex  heliotype  copies  of  tracings  fVoui  two  of  the  maps  in  the  Ar- 
cano. The  larger  one  is  from  the  second  book,  at  page  18.  The  smaller 
is  from  that  just  named,  map  33,  of  part  2ud,  volume  III.,  being  indeed 
the  last  map  in  the  collection,  and  corresponding  to  the  MS.  map  84  in 
the  Munich  Atlas. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  onlj^  name  which  appears  on  ))oth  of  these 
little  fragments  is  that  of  "  Puerto  dell  Nuova  Albion,  Scoperto  dal 
Drago  Inglese,"  which  on  the  other  appears  as  "P.to  di  Nuova  Albion." 
In  both  it  is  represented  as  a  bay  well  closed  by  its  headlands, — and  an 
anchorage. 

On  both  tracings  another  bay  of  similar  shape  is  represented  just  to 
the  North  of  Drake's  bay.  lu  one  this  is  called  "  15aia  S.  Michele."  In 
the  other  it  appears  as  "  Po.  di.  don  Gasper."  It  is  to  be  observed  that 
this  also,  has  the  curious  bottle  shajied  look  of  Drake's  bay, — and  I 
must  be  indulged  the  remark,  that  the  bay  of  San  Francisco,  after 
numerous  reductions  and  copyings  would  assume  much  this  shape  in  the 
hydrography  of  that  time. 


16 

I  confess  tliut  it  seems  to  me  that  more  than  one  navi'sator  of  those 
times  prol)ably  entered  the  Gohlen  Gate  into  the  bay  of  San  Franeisco. 
Eacli  one  reeorded  his  own  hititude, — and  these  two  bays  of  map  33,  al- 
most identical  in  appearance,  are  due  to  an  efibrt  of  the  map  maker  to 
include  two  incorrect  latitudes,  in  one  map.  If  the  maker  of  the  Area- 
no  had  made  his  "  B.  St.  Michelc"  identical  with  his  "  Porto  di  Nuova 
Albion  "  there  could  be  little  doubt  that  it  represented  the  present  Bay 
of  San  Francisco. 

The  full  title  of  the  first  map  is  "  Carta  prima  gencrale  d' America  dell' 
India  Occidentale  e  Mare  del  Zur." 

The  full  title  of  the  other  map.  No.  33,  is  "  Carta  particolare  dello 
Stretto  di  Jezo  fra  TAmerica  e  LTsola  Jezo."  For  further  illustration  of 
these  maps,  I  annex  the  line  of  coast  as  drawn  by  our  own  geographers, 
from  Coltou's  Atlas. 

The  copy  of  the  Arcano  in  the  library  of  Harvard  College  is  from  the 
Collection  of  Ebeling.  In  his  own  handwriting  is  this  note  on  the  tirst 
page,  after  stating  that  he  had  received  it  from  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce of  Hamburg: 

"  Liber  longe  rarissimus  anjue  ac  maximi  pretii,  paucis  visis,  quoque 
instructissima;  saepe  caruere  Bibliothecaj  Publicte."  Vol.  I.  has  the  date 
1040.     Vol.  II.  and  III.  have  the  date  1647. 

My  authorities  in  the  notes  I  here  make  of  Dudley's  life,  beside  the 
biographical  dictionaries,  are : 

1.  "  Amye  Robsart  and  the  lilarl  of  Leicester,  together  with  memoirs 
and  correspondence  of  Sir  liobert  Dudley.  By  George  Adlard,  London  : 
Smith,  1870." 

Mr.  Adlard  does  not  seem  to  have  seen  the  Arc^ano. 

2.  "The  Italian  Biography  of  Sir  Robert  Dudley,  Knight,  known  in 
Florentine  history  as  '  II  Duca  di  XorLombria.'"  By  the  Vicar  of  Stone- 
ligii. 

Tliis  volume  seems  to  have  been  a  part  of  the  Warwickshire  Histori- 
cal Collections.  The  author,  whose  name,  at  this  moment,  I  do  not 
know,  says  :  "The  reader  is  to  be  informed  that  as  Vicar  of  Stoneligh 
the  writer  has  a  commemorative  duty  to  perform  every  year,  which 
necessarily  brought  him  to  the  knowledge  of  Sir  Robert  Dudley's  char- 
acter." The  author  is  c(Mivinced  that  Dudley  was  the  legitimate  son  of 
Leicester,  and  siiows  that  Charles  I.  was  of  this  opinion.  He  refers  for 
Sir  H.  Nicolas  Harris  Nicolas's  opinion  to  pp.  248,  249,  2i>0,  251  of  the 
Report  on  the  Peerage  Case  before  the  Lords  in  1824.  See  also  Dug- 
dale's  Warwickshire,  p.  IGG. 


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EIGHTIETH 
ANNIVERSARY 

OF     THE     BIRTH     OF 


EDWARD    EVERETT     HALE 

APRIL     THIRD,     NINETEEN     HUNDRED 
AND   TWO.       BOSTON,    MASSACHUSETTS. 


PROGRAMME 

Henry   L.   Higginson,   Esq., 

Chairman  of  the  General  Committee  of  Arrangements,  will 
take  the  chair  at  eight  o'clock. 


Z\K  ®nc  1bunbre^  anb  ififtietb  pealin,  Cesar  Fram-k 

The  Cecilia  Society. 
Mr.  15.  J.  Lang,  Conductor. 

Hallelujah,  praise  ye  the  Lord. 

Praise  God  in  His  temple. 

Praise  ye  the  Lord  in  the  firmament  of  His  power. 

Praise  ve  Him  for  His  mighty  acts. 

Praise  ye  Him  according  to  His  majesty. 

Praise  ye  Him  with  the  sound  of  the  trumpet. 

Praise  ye  Him  with  the  psaltery  and  harp. 

Praise  ye  Him  with  the  timbrel. 

Praise  ye  Him  with  the  dance. 

Praise  Him  with  the  organ  and  stringed  instruments. 

Praise  ye  Him  upon  the  loud  c\  mbals. 

Praise  ye  Him  upon  the  high  sounding  cymbals. 

Let  everything  that  hath  breath  praise  the  Lord. 

Praise  ye  the  Lord. 

Sentences   (to   be  read  responsively,  all  standing) 

Let  us  now  praise  famous  men,  men  renowned  for  their 
power,  giving  counsel  by  their  understanding  and  declaring 
prophecies. 

Leaders  of  the  people  by  their  counsel  and  by  their 
knowledge  of  learning  meet  for  the  people,  wise  and  elo- 
quent in  their  instructions. 

Their  seed  shall  continually  remain  a  good  inheritance,  and 
their  children  are  within  the  covenant.  The  people  will  tell 
of  their  wisdom,  and  the  congregation  will  show  forth  their 
praise. 


He  that  giveth  his  mind  .to  the  hiw  ot  the  Most  High 
and  is  occupied  in  the  meditation  thereof  will  seek  out  the 
wisdom  ot  the  ancients  and  he  occupied  in  prophecies. 

He  will  keep  the  sayings  of  renowned  men^  and  where 
subtile  parables  are  he  will  be  there  also.  He  will  seek  out 
the  secrets  of  grave  sentences  and  be  conversant  in  dark 
parables. 

He  shall  show  torth  that  which  he  hath  learned  and 
shall  glorv  in  the  law  of  the  covenant  of  the  Lord. 

Lord^  who  shall  abide  in  Thy  tabernacle,  who  shall  dwell 
in  Thy  holy  hill?  He  that  walketh  uprightly  and  worketh 
righteousness  and  speaketh  the  truth  in  his  heart. 

He  shall  be  like  a  tree  planted  by  the  rivers  of  water, 
that  bringeth  forth  his  fruit  in  his  season.  His  leaf  also 
shall  not  wither,  and  whatsoever  he  doeth  shall  prosper. 

Happy  is  the  man  that  findeth  wisdom  and  the  man  that 
getteth  understanding,  for  the  merchandise  of  it  is  better  than 
the  merchandise  of  silver  and  the  gain  thereof  than  fine  gold. 

Length  of  days  is  in  her  right  hand,  in  her  left  hand 
riches  and  honor.  Her  ways  are  ways  of  pleasantness  and 
all  her  paths  are  peace. 

'The  fear  of  the  Lord  maketh  a  merry  heart,  and  giveth 
joy,  and  gladness,  and  a  long  life. 

The  root  of  wisdom  is  to  fear  the  Lord,  and  the 
branches  thereof  are  long  life. 

Sweet  language  will  multiply  friends  :  and  a  fair-speaking 
tongue  will  increase  kind  greetings. 

A  faithful  friend  is  a  strong  defence  :  and  they  that 
fear  the  Lord  shall  find  him. 

Be  willing  to  hear  every  godly  discourse ;  and  let  not  the 
parables  of  understanding  escape  thee. 


And  if  thou  seest  a  man  of  understanding,  get  thee 
betimes  unto  him,  and  let  thy  foot  wear  the  steps  of  his 
door. 

For  honorable  age  is  not  that  which  standeth  in  length  of 
time,  nor  that  is  measured  by  number  of  years. 

But  wisdom  is  the  gray  hair  unto  men,  and  an  un- 
spotted Hfe  is  old  age. 

The  mouth  of  the  righteous  speaketh  wisdom ,  and  his  tongue 
talketh  judgment.  The  law  of  the  Lord  is  in  his  heart.  None 
of  his  steps  shall  slide. 

They  that   be  wise  shall  shine  as  the  brightness  of  the 
.firmament,  and  they  that  turn  many  to  righteousness  as  the 
stars  forever  and  ever. 


HUtbCin,     "  Send  out  Thy  Light  "    .  .         .  Gounod 

Send  out  thy  light  and  thy  truth,  let  them  lead  me,  and  let  them 
bring  me  to  thy  holy  hill. 

The  Cecilia  Society. 


Hbbrc09  of  (Brcctincj  an^  Conoratulation. 

Honorable  George  P'risbie   Hoar. 

Salainalcil^utn  comeiiu^ 

The  Cecilia  .Society. 
(Baritone  Solo     .     .     Mr.  Stephen  Tovvnse.n'D.) 

"  Hail  to  this  mansion  to  which  you  came, 
And  may  your  shadow  be  ever  the  same, 
Live  till  your  thousandth  year  in  fame, 
Salamaleikum  !  " 


IRcsponec. 

Dr.  Hale. 


All  are  invited  to  rise  and  sing  together  the  following  verses, 
taken  from  the  version  of  the  Seventy-eighth  Psalm 
which  has  been  familiar  in  the -New  luigland  churches 
for  six  generations: 

1b\>lUn.     St.    Martin's. 

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A  -  MEN. 

™     ij    ^,J.    -Jr^i    fj  J.    I  j^ij.  J'^  I    I  J.     I, 

I     I   [j  ,•  I    r  r  r  ^  r 

Let  children  hear  the  mighty  deeds 

Which  God  performed  of  old, 
Which  in  our  younger  years  we  saw. 

And  which  our  fathers  told. 

He  bids  us  make  his  glories  known. 

His  works  of  power  and  grace  ; 
And  we'll  convey  his  wonders  down 

Through  every  rising  race. 

Our  lips  shall  tell  them  to  our  sons, 

And  thev  again  to  theirs, 
That  generations  yet  unborn 

May  teach  them  to  their  heirs. 

Thus  shall  they  learn  in  God  alone 

Their  hope  securely  stands. 
That  thev  may  ne'er  forget  his  works, 

But  practise  his  commands. 

(Mr.  B.  L.  \VHKLri.p;Y,  Orcjanist.) 

All  are  requested  to  remain  standing  while  the  Blessing  of 
God  is  invoked  bv  Dr.  Hale. 


"  There  abides 
In  his  allotted  home  a  genuine  priest, 
The  shepherd  of  his  flock, —  or,  as  a  king 
Is  styled,  when  most  affectionately  praised. 
The  father  of  his  people.      Such  is  he  ; 
And  rich  and  poor,  and  young  and  old,  rejoice 
Under  his  spiritual  sway.      He  hath  vouchsafed 
To  me  some  portion  of  a  kind  regard, 
And  something  also  of  his  inner  mind 
Hath  he  imparted  ;   but  I  speak  of  him 
As  he  is  known  to  all." 

Wordsworth,  ''  Excursion,"  Book  V. 


^JNIVE^>r-  n;.^j,^_ 


DR.  EDWARD  EVERETT  HALE. 


TT  had  been  expected  that  Dr.  Edward 
Everett  Hale  would  write  for  this  maga- 
zine a  prefatory  note  on  the  centenarj'  of  the 
birth  of  Dr.  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes,  to  ac- 
company what  we  are  printing,  for  the  sec- 
ond time,  from  Dr.  Hale's  pen,  written  at 
the  time  of  the  death  of  his  friend  and  fel- 
low-townsman nearly  fifteen  years  ago.  As 
the  Holmes  centenary  is  approaching  (Dr. 
Holmes  was  born  August  29,  1809)  there 
seemed  to  us  nothing  more  fitting  than  to 
print  once  more  a  part  at  least  of  the  ad- 
mirable sketch  of  Dr.  Holmes'  career  writ- 
ten for  us  by  Dr.  Hale  and  published  in  this 
Review  in  November,   1894. 

Dr.  Holmes  attained  the  age  of  eighty- 
five.  Dr.  Hale,  wiio  was  thirteen  years 
younger,  was  born  April  3,  1822,  and  was, 
therefore,  past  the  age  of  eighty-seven  when 
he  died  on  June  10,  in  his  old  home  at  Rox- 
bury,  which  is  now  part  of  Boston.  For  six 
years  past  Dr.  Hale  had  been  chaplain  of 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  he  was  a  not- 
able figure,  through  these  last  years  of  his 
life,  at  the  nation's  capital.  His  patriotism 
was  so  lofty,  his  faith  in  the  whole  country 
and  its  future  so  strong,  that  it  was  pleasant 
for  his  friends  to  see  him  in  his  octogenarian 
years  honored  among  the  country's  leaders 
and  making  every  circle  that  he  entered  bet- 
ter and  happier  for  his  presence. 

Although  his  name  has  so  long  been  asso- 
ciated with  those  of  the  great  men  of  letters 
and  of  reform  movements  of  the  New  Eng- 
land school, — Emerson,  Lowell,  Holmes, 
Longfellow,  Whittier,  and  a  dozen  others, — 
Dr.  Hale  was  a  more  truly  national  per- 
sonage, in  his  knowledge  and  sympathies, 
than  were  any  of  tbe  other  New  England 
thinkers  and  leader's.  His  early  training 
under  his  father  in  the  office  of  the  Boston 
Daily  Ad-vertiser  was  broadening,  and  he  was 
out  in  the  world  and  mingling  with  men  at 
a  very  early  age,  graduating  from  Harvard 
College  while  only  seventeen.  (He  was  just 
about  to  observe  the  seventieth  anniversary  of 
his  graduation  in  the  Class  of  1839.) 

After  leaving  college  he  got  son 
experience   as  a  reporter  and   cor      • 
at   Washington.      At    the    approa 
eightieth    birthday   shortly   after 
ment   from   his  pastorate  in   Bosti         .  .1.    . 
L  vear   before   he   was   made   chapla.. 


Senate,  Dr.  Hale  visited  Washington  and 
was  invited  to  luncheon  at  the  White  House. 
He  had  not  been  in  that  historic  building  for 
perhaps  a  year  or  two ;  and  while  waiting  for 
the  President  to  appear  he  entertained  the 
present  writer  with  some  of  those  delightful 
recollections  which  made  his  conversation 
always  charming  and  noteworthy.  He  spoke 
of  Washington  as  it  was  in  1840.  He  had 
been  interested  in  the  political  campaign  of 
that  year,  which  resulted  in  the  election  of 
Harrison  and  Tyler. 

Happening  to  lift  his  eyes,  in  the  room 
where  he  was  waiting,  to  the  portraits  of 
President  Tyler  and  Mrs.  Tyler,  he  recalled 
the  time  when  it  was  his  custom  to  drop  in 
very  often  in  the  afternoon  to  have  a  cup  of 
tea  with  the  lady  of  the  White  House.  This 
was  in  1841,  Harrison  having  died  a  few 
weeks  after  his  inauguration  in  March  of 
that  year.  Dr.  Hale's  picture  of  the  pleas- 
ant simplicity  of  life  at  the  White  House 
when  he  was  a  Washington  correspondent, 
sixty-eight  years  ago,  was  as  detailed  and 
vivid  as  if  he  were  portraying  something  that 
had  happened  the  day  before. 

But  this  was  not  the  end  of  Dr.  Hale's 
reminiscences  of  Mrs.  Tyler,  apropos  of  the 
portrait  hanging  on  the  wall  before  him. 
Twenty  years  later,  in  1 861,  he  was  attached 
to  the  personal  staff  of  Gen.  Benjamin  F. 
Butler,  of  Massachusetts,  in  the  capacity  of 
secretary,  and  had  charge  of  General  But- 
ler's correspondence.  General  Butler  was 
on  the  James  River  in  Virginia.  One  day 
he  received  a  letter  from  an  irate  lady  com- 
plaining that  the  Federal  troops  were  milking 
the  cows  on  her  plantation.  The  lady  proved 
to  be  Mrs.  Tyler,  widow  of  the  former 
President,  who  had  been  kind  to  the  youth- 
ful Hale  at  Washington  in  the  early  forties. 
Of  course.  Dr.  Hale  was  glad  to  follow  Gen- 
eral Butler's  instructions,  and  not  only  to 
express  regret,  but  to  give  Mrs.  Tylei  every 
assurance  that  her  plantation  should  be  un- 
molested. Here  was  a  man  who  was  doing 
good  work  as  a  newspaper  writer  and  cor- 
^..  — „--  „~„    ^j^j  \v)\o 

\  in  our 

,.-   ..   that  he 

annouTiced  his 

i  •'■'    .-     'cd  he  had  at- 

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TITLE-PAGE   FROM 
JUAN  DE  PADILLA,  LOS  DOZE  TRIUMPHOS  DE   LOS  DOZE   APOSTLES. 


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Swiss  Francs 

73  Bisselius,  Joa.,  S.  J.   Argonauticon  Americanorum,  s.  historiae  periculorum  Petri  de  Victoria, 

ac  sociorum   ejus  II.    XV.   Miinchen    1647.    16  mo.    Withnicefrontisp.   (byKilian)  O    T 

and  a  full-page  map  of  America.  Old  vellum.  48. —  ^   / 

I'alau    I.   230.    lornaux,   Nr.   661.    Not   in   Sabin. 

Bisselius  had  added  a  long,  and  learned  commentary  to  his  translation  of  the  Jesuit 
Pedro  Govea  dc  Victoria  travels.  These  very  interesting  relations  concern  especially  Cen- 
tral and  South  .\merica,  Mexico,  Cuba,  Jamaica,  Chile,  Peru,  Brazil  etc., 
and  give  full  particulars  of  the  customs  of  the  natives,  geogr.  situation,  cities  etc.  and  the  stories  of 
the  discoveries  by  Columbus,  Almagro,  Vespucci,  the  enterprises  of  the  W  e  1  s  e  r  s  etc., 
partly   from   earlier  sources.   Good  copy.  Name  on  title. 

74  Franck,  S.  Weltbuch  :  spiegel  u.  bildtniss  des  gantzen  erdbodens  .  .  .  nemlich  in  Asiam,  Apbri- 
cam,  Europam  u.  Americam.  Auch  alier  darin  bcgriffner  Lander  eygenschafft,  u.  d.  einwoner 
namen,  gestalt,  leben,  wcsen,  religion,  glauben,  .  .  .  auch  etvvas  von  new  gefunde- 
nen  Welten  u.   Inseln.  Tubingen,  Morhard,    1534.   Fol.  350  11.  Vellum.  75. — 

Harrisse  1.  197.  Steiff,  p.  195,  160:  ,,Die  E  d  i  t  i  o  p  r  i  n  c  c  p  s  der  bekannten  Kosmographie 
Seb.  Francks  der  crstcn.  welche  iiberhaupt  in  deutscher  Sprache  geschrieben  worden."  On  leaf 
210  vo:  ,,A  m  e  r  i  c  a  das  vicrdt  Buch  diser  Geographcy".  Cont.  on  11.  210  vo.  until  237  ro  the  disco- 
veries made  by  P.   Aliaris,  Chr.  Columbus,  Vespucci,  Corlez,  J.  and  L.  Vartomannus,  etc. 

Fine    copy. 

75  (Grynaeus,  S.  and  J.  Huttichius).  Novus  orbis  regionum  ac  insularum  veteribus  incognitarum, 
una  c.  tabula  cosmographica.  Basle,  Job.  Hervagius,  1555.  Fol.  Original  binding  of  wooden 
boards,  cov.  w.  calf  and  richly  decorated  w.  roll-produced  borders  of  biblical  scenes  sign. 
H.  B.  1559  (cf.  Haebler  I.  39,  1);  with  title:  Nouui  orbis  and  date:  1559;2  clasps.  120.— 

Harrisse,  p.  230,  236,  296.  Rare  edition  of  this  most  interesting  collection  of  voyages  and 
discoveries  in  the  New  World  enlarged  by  the  relation  of  F  e  r  d.  Cortez  "De  insulis  noviter 
inventis"  and  some  other  relations.   Without  the  map  of  the  world  wliich  is  wanting  as  in  most  copies. 

Bound  loith:  Herold,  B.  J.  Originum  ac  germanicarum  antiquitatum  libri,  leges  videlicet 
Salicae,  Allemannorum,   Saxonum,    Angliorum,  etc.   Basel,  Henricpetri,   1557. 

Exceptionally  fine  cop>  in  a  very  interesting  contemporary  binding  of  best 
preservation. 

76  Lerius,  J.  Historia  navigationis  in  Brasiliam  quae  et  America  dicitur,  qua  describitur  autoris 
navigatio,  Villagagnonis  in  America  gesta,  Brasiliensium  victus  et  mores.  Ed.  II.  Genf,  Vignon, 
1 594.  8vo.  W.  7  full-page  woodcuts  and  a  folded  plate  repres.  the  battle 
between    the   Tououquinambaults   and   Margaiats.   Contemp.    calf.        48. — 

Brunei  111.  1004.  Rare  second  Latin  edition  of  the  famous  travel  of  Lery  with 
the  report  of  the  exiled  French  calvinists  under  V  i  1  1  a  g  a  g  n  o  n.  Contains  important  details  on 
manners   and    customs   of    the   inhabitants. 

Fine  copy  with  the  very  rare  woodcut-plate.  The  binding  and  the  first  and  last  U.  si. 
dam.   by   worms. 

77  Mallat,  J.  Les  Philippines.  Histoire,  geographie,  moeurs,  agriculture,  industrie  et  commerce. 
2  vol.  de  texte  et  Atlas.  Paris  1846.  in-8.  et  in-fol.  A  v.  1  carte  pli^e,  2  tables  et 
10  pi.,  dont  5  en  chromolith.,  repres.  des  types  indigenes.  Toile.         48.— 

Brunet  VI.  28.  224.  Pardo  de  Tavera,  Bibl.  Filip.,  p.  243,  1591.  Ouvrage  rare  et  important 
pour  I'etlinographie  des  lies  Philippines.  L'auteur  entrcprit  3  voyages  pour  les  Philippines  dont  le 
premier  eut  lieu  en  1838.  Une  pi.  de  I'atlas  contient  une  chanson  Philippine,  suivie  de  la  musique.  — 
Qq.    rouss.    et    taches   d'eau   insignif.   par    endroits. 

78  Medina,  P.  L'Arte  del  navegar,  in  la  qual  si  contengono  le  regole,  dechiara- 
tioni,  secreti,  &  avisi,  alia  bona  navegation  necessarii.  Trad,  de  lingua  Spagn. 
in  volgar  Italiano  (by  V.  Paletino  de  Corzula).  Venice  1554.  4  to. 
W.  large  woodcut  on  title,  many  fine  woodcut  diagrams 
&  initials  and  a  large  map  of  the  world.  Old  limp  vellum.  300. — 

Palau  V,  121.  The  first  Italian  edition.  A  most  remarkable  book  on  account  of  the  full- 
page  map,  the  left  half  of  which  shows  the  New  World  (Florida,  Newfoundland, 
Labrador,  Cuba,  Jamaica,  Mexico,  Peru,  Yucatan,  etc.) 

The  map  is  interesting  on  account  of  the  exact  delineation  of  the  Isthmus  of  Panama, 
its  original  is  one  of  the  few  maps  printed  in  the  Pyrenean  Peninsula,  before  1560. 

Only  three  Spanish   maps  of  that  period  were  known  to  N  o  r  d  e  n  s  k  i  o  1  d,   including 
this.    "This  seems  to  be  almost  the  whole  contribution  during  the  earliest  period  of  printed 
cartographical  literature  from  the  countries,  from  which  the  New  World  and  the  South  East 
passage  to  India  were  discovered,  and  from  which  hundreds  of  the  most  important  voyages    . 
of  discovery  started  during  that  period"  (Nordenskiold,  Facs.   Atlas). 

Fine  copy.  On  the  title  and  last  leaf  a  stamp  has  been  removed. 
See  Reproduction,  page   16. 


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